Archaeologists first visited Mohenjo Daro in 1911. Urban Life. According to archaeologists, the city was built around 2600 BCE and was one of the largest major cities in the area in its day. His three other novels, namely, Dhruba, Karuna (1917) and Shashanka (1914) are set in the different phases of the Gupta period. Y /,!/98//);-8(98(8;)9(5!/9(7-;8!078(4#(8750-875&₹;8(76”)876§, "Banerji robbed of credit for Indus findings", http://www.caluniv.ac.in/about/Teacher.html, "Some of our Distinguished Teachers: Rakhaldas Banerji", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=R._D._Banerji&oldid=993022310, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. SURVEY . Mohenjo-daro, or Mohenjo Daro, is the site of an ancient city that existed during the time of the Indus Valley Civilization. He is mostly known as the discoverer of Mohenjo-daro, the principal site of the Harappa culture. His standard two-volume Bangalar Itihas (History of Bengal) in Bengali (1914 and 1917) was one of the first attempts at writing a scientific history of Bengal. Save 20% Jane's Big Ideas: How the Unicorns Missed the Ark . Another fictional work, Hemkana (incomplete) was published in Prabasi magazine from 1911–12. Mohenjo-daro was discovered in 1922 by R. D. Banerji, an officer of the Archaeological Survey of India, two years after major excavations had begun at Harappa, some 590 km to the north. Baker Banerji, an officer of the Archaeological survey of India,two year after major excavations had begun at Harappa, some 590 km to the north. Later, when archaeologist Mortimer Wheeler discovered 39 human skeletons from Mohenjo-Daro in the 1940s, he claimed that they were the people killed by invaders. Discovered in 1911, excavations began in Mohenjo Daro in 1922 and a treasure trove of pottery, seals and other artifacts were discovered, which point to craft technology, trade and economic expansion. He took voluntary retirement in 1926. Mohanjodado was discovered by r d banargi in 1922 Manpreet Kalra answered May 23, 2020 Mohenjo-daro was discovered in 1922 by R.D. Bandyopadhyay, Umesh, Abhishapta Rakhaldas, Kansai Shilai (Bengali Journal), April–September issue 2005, Calcutta. [8] His interpretations of this civilisation were published in a number of articles and books: "An Indian City Five Thousand Years Ago" ; "Mohenjo-Daro" (in Bangla, Basumati, 1331 BS); Prehistoric, Ancient and Hindu India (posthumously published, 1934) and Mahenjo-Daro – A Forgotten Report. Rakhaldas Bandyopadhyay (12 April 1885 – 23 May 1930), also known as R D Banerji was an eminent Indian Archaeologist & Museum expert. Where is it situated?Mohen jo Daro,Pakistan Index 8. ... Q. Mohenjo-daro designed and built one of the first . The names Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were given to the cities in later times. building complex. These two cities are famous for their organized, impressive, and regular layout. Promotion. in History from the Calcutta University in 1911. Today I am going to tell you about the city of Mohenjodaro. Bandyopadhyay is popular for unearthing pre-Buddhist artifacts at the ruins at Mohenjo-Daro; for noting similarities between the site at Mohenjo-Daro and Harrappa. Mohenjo Daro An Ancient Indus Valley Metropolis. Many of the buildings at Mohenjo-Daro had two or more stories. park system . Mohenjo-daro was discovered in 1922 by R. D. Banerji, an officer of the Archaeological Survey of India, two years after major excavations had begun at Harappa, some 590 km to the north. There are several different spellings of the site name and in this article we have chosen to use the most common form, Mohenjo-daro (the Mound of Mohen or Mohan), though other spellings are equally valid: Mohanjo-daro (Mound of Mohan =Krishna), Moenjo-daro (Mound of the Dead), Mohenjo-daro, Mohenjodaro or even Mohen-jo-daro. Secondly, why is Mohenjo Daro called the mound of dead? But this theory is … Historians used to think that the oldest cities in India and Pakistan were built in 500BCE How the Indus Valley sites were Text A discovered. Most of these salvage operations and conservation projects have been conducted by Pakistani archaeologists and conservators. Mohenjo-daro discovered Mohenjo-daro was once a major city, occupied by people belonging to the first civilization in the Indian subcontinent. He passed his F.A. “Faceless” Indus Valley City Puzzles Archaeologists. He was the Manindra Chandra Nandy Professor of Ancient Indian History and Culture at the Banaras Hindu University from 1928–30. His The Age of the Imperial Guptas (1933) is a collection of lectures delivered by him in 1924. Many bronze and copper pieces, such as figurines and bowls, have been recovered from the site, showing that the inhabitants of Mohenjo-daro understood how to utilize the lost wax technique. Mohenjo Daro 101 By John Roach – A well-planned street grid and an elaborate drainage system hint that the occupants of the ancient Indus civilization city of Mohenjo Daro were skilled urban planners with a reverence for the control of water. This book is written by Sri Kunja Govinda Goswami, CALCUTTA. He also wrote two volumes on the history of Orissa, titled History of Orissa from the Earliest Times to the British Period (1930 and 1931). Reviews for Pop up text makes this book very easy for children to read. Mohenjo Daro is a 2016 Indian Hindi-language period action-adventure film written and directed by Ashutosh Gowariker. Only 10% of Mohenjo Daro has been dig out. What was the first ancient city archeologists discovered in the Indus River Valley? These MCQs are given in the form of Quiz so that you can take a quick quiz test on Indus Civilization, better known as Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro Civilization. The buildings were made with kiln fired mud bricks. [1][3] He passed his entrance examination from the Krishnath College School in Berhampore in 1900. examination in 1903 and graduated from Presidency College, Kolkata with Honours in History in 1907. Tags: Question 6 . This page was last edited on 8 December 2020, at 11:18. Numerous objects found in excavation include seated and standing figures, copper and stone tools, carved seals, balance-scales and weights, gold and jasper jewellery, and children's toys. His last novel, Lutf-Ulla is set in Delhi at the time of the invasion by Nadir Shah. He joined the Archaeological Survey of India as Assistant Superintendent in 1911, and was promoted to the rank of Superintending Archaeologist of the Western Circle in 1917. Get the answers you need, now! With new captions by... Ravi Fisheries Those discoveries lead to excavations at the two sites that established the existence of the then-unknown Bronze Age Indus Valley Civilisation. Photo Story. From today, the people of Mohenjodaro lived a more civilized and better life, who have been buried in the soil about 4600 years ago. Large-scale excavations were carried out at the site under the direction of John Marshall, K. N. Dikshit, Ernest Mackay, and numerous other directors through the 1930s. The ruins of the city were discovered in 1922 by Rakhaldas Bandyopadhyay, an officer of … … 7 Chakras Of Human Body : Sacred Vishuddha Chakra, Ajna Chakra, Sahastrara Chakra 7 Chakras Of Human Body : Sacred Svadhisthana Chakra, Manipura Chakra, Anahata Chakra Understanding The 7 chakras in Human Body- Muladhara Chakra Understanding The 7 Chakras In Human Body-Introduction 8 Fascinating Facts About the Ruined City of Harappa; Mohenjo Daro Mayukh (1916) describes the Portuguese atrocities in Bengal during the reign of Shahjahan. He believed that they were people killed by invaders. Explanation: Mohenjo-daro was discovered in 1922 by R. D. Banerji, an officer of the Archaeological Survey of India, two years after major excavations had begun at Harappa, some 590 km to the north. Beside this, who discovered mohenjodaro? Several excavations occurred in the 1920s through 1931. Small probes took place in the 1930s, and subsequent digs occurred in 1950 and 1964. answer choices . Index 7. Indus Valley Civilization is the one of the oldest ancient civilizations of the world.Indus River Valley Civilization was discovered by the archaeologists in the 1920s. Harrappa. In the 1940s, archaeologist Mortimer Wheeler discovered 39 human skeletons at Mohenjo-Daro. Pakistan. Large-scale excavations were carried out at the site under the direction of John Marshall, K. N. Dikshit, Ernest Mackay, and numerous other directors through the 1930s.Although the earlier excavations were not conducted using stratigraphic approaches or with the types of recording techniques employed by modern archaeologists they did produce a remarkable amount of information that is still being studied by scholars today (see the Mohenjo-daro Bibliography). His best known work was Eastern Indian Medieval School of Sculpture, published posthumously in 1933. How an unreinforced mud brick wall withstands a nuclear blast never seems to be addressed. He was the first to study the proto-Bangla script, the original form of Bangla script. The furnaces found at the site are believed to have been used for copperworks and melting the metals as opposed to smelting. It was initially sighted by D R Handarkar in 1911-1912, who mistook its baked mud bricks as being only 200 years old. Frederick M. Asher The name Mohenjo-daro is reputed to signify “the mound of the dead.” The archaeological importance of the site was first recognized in 1922, one year after the discovery of Harappa. In the 1980's extensive architectural documentation, combined with detailed surface surveys, surface scraping and probing was done by German and Italian survey teams led by Dr. Michael Jansen (RWTH) and Dr. Maurizio Tosi (IsMEO).The most extensive recent work at the site has focused on attempts at conservation of the standing structures undertaken by UNESCO in collaboration with the Department of Archaeology and Museums, as well as various foreign consultants.Details of the most recent salvage excavations and conservation are found in obscure journals or reports that are not readily available to the public, but are listed in the Bibliography for those interested in searching them out. The people of Mohenjo-daro made very nice pottery and toy, they know how to use cows and bullocks for ploughing the fields. Archaeologists now think this is not true. Pragoitihashik MohenJo Daro Book Link. R. … It is produced by Siddharth Roy Kapur for UTV Motion Pictures and Sunita Gowariker for Ashutosh Gowariker Productions (AGPPL), and features Hrithik Roshan and Pooja Hegde in the lead roles. A lot more still waits to be discovered. Bandyopadhyay's first major independent professional work was in the fields of palaeography and epigraphy. Mohenjo-Daro - 4600 Years Advanced Old City. Soon he married Kanchanmala (1891–1931), the daughter of Narendranath Mukhopadhyay. After teaching at the University of Calcutta,[6] he later joined the Banaras Hindu University in 1928 and held the post till his premature death on 23 May 1930.[7]. Subsequent excavations revealed that the mounds contain the remains of what was once the largest city of the Indus civilization. and called it Mohenjo-daro which means “Mound of the Dead”. street divided the city into 12 blocks each measuring approximately 1200’x800′. Mohenjo Daro is an ancient Indus Valley Civilization city that flourished between and BCE. Who discovered it? Water from the roof and upper story bathrooms were carried through enclosed terracotta pipes or open chutes that emptied onto the street drains. Shadabk1249 Shadabk1249 1 hour ago Social Sciences Secondary School Who discovered the cities of mohenjodaro and harappa? Having published three novels, Pakshantar (1924), Byatikram (1924) and Anukram (1931), his other literary works in Bengali language were historical fictions. His other significant non-fiction works include, Prachin Mudra (1915), The Palas of Bengal (1915), The Temple of Siva at Bhumara (1924), The Paleography of Hati Gumpha and Nanaghat Inscriptions (1924), Bas Reliefs of Badami (1928) and The Haihayas of Tripuri and their Monuments (1931). Subsequent excavations revealed that the mounds contain the remains of what was once the largest city of the Indus civilization. It is purported to be one of the earliest depictions of the Hindu god Shiva, or a "proto-Shiva" deity. He obtained his M.A. Some of the walls are still 15 feet high. Rakhaldas Bandyopadhyay (12 April 1885 – 23 May 1930), also known as R D Banerji, was an eminent Indian Archaeologist & Museum expert. In 1922 some villagers were living near the mound and they saw pieces of broken pots. One difficulty with the nuclear blast claim at Mohenjo-daro is immediately apparent when photographs of the dig site are examined. Mohenjo-Daro was discovered in 1922 by R. D. Banerji, an Indian archaeological officer. Mohenjo-daro was built around 2600 BC and abandoned around 1800 BC. The Indus Valley of Pakistan in 1922-An officer discovered the remnants of an ancient city Mohenjo Daro (which means Mound of the Dead), considered to be one of the oldest settlements in the world. In this post we had discussed the important objective type General Knowledge Multiple Choice Questions with answers which you should practice for your exams. Th… [9] A number of his novels were translated into other Indian languages. Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa are archeological sites in Pakistan which are among the greatest achievements in the civilization of the Indus Valley. Both mohenjo-daro an harappa were nearly square in plan within a defensive wall. The setting of his Pashaner Katha (1914) is Kushana period. A) INTRODUCTION-Thousands of years ago, the people of Mohenjodaro used to live the life we are living today. The name Mohenjo-daro is reputed to signify “the mound of the dead.” The archaeological importance of the site was first recognized in 1922, one year after the discovery of Harappa. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. Street was about 30′ wide, running in the N-S and E-S direction. Mohenjo-daro is widely recognized as one of the most important early cities of South Asia and the Indus Civilization and yet most publications rarely provide more than a cursory overview of this important site. He won the Jubilee Research Prize of the Calcutta University for The Origin of the Bengali Script published in 1919 (and reprinted in 1973). The earliest evidence of urban sanitation was seen in Harappa, Mohenjo-daro, and the recently discovered Rakhigarhi. Mohenjo Daro. Search ID: dren1863 Unicorn Cartoons and Comics .
Jane explains to her mom how she thinks the unicorns missed the ark. Who discovered the cities of mohenjodaro and harappa? In 1940, an archaeologist discovered 39 human skeletons in the Mohenjo-daro. Mohenjo Daro means "Mound of the Dead". answer choices . A hitherto unknown box of 63 images in Sir Mortimer Wheeler's personal collection from excavations he led at Mohenjo-daro in 1950. Discovered in 1922 by R. D. Banerji, Mohenjo Daro is reputed to signify “the mound of the dead.” It was discovered by R. D. Banerji who was an officer of the Archaeological Survey of India. Bandyopadhyay wrote two textbooks for Calcutta University, namely, History of India (1924) and A Junior History of India (1928). [4], Bandyopadhyay was born on 12 April 1885[1][2] in Berhampore of Murshidabad District in present-day Indian state of West Bengal to Matilal and Kalimati. Many publications still state that Mohenjo-daro is located in India (presumably referring to ancient India), but since the creation of Pakistan in 1947, the site has been under the protection of the Department of Archaeology and Museums, Government of Pakistan. HOW this ancient place was discovered? Around 80,000 people lived in these cities. Two largest building area of mohenjo-daro were raised high on platform of bricks designed to disperse the flood water. Ramanuj Mahanty answered Jun 14, 2020 His Dharmapala (1915) narrates the story of the Pala emperor Dharmapala. Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa were built around 2500 BC, and it is among the largest settlements of the ancient civilization of the Indus Valley. Medina. The city’s prosperity and stature are evident in the artefacts, like … Pragoitihashik MohenJo Daro. Asim (1924) narrates the condition of Bengal during the reign of Farrukhsiyar. The Pashupati Seal is a steatite seal that was discovered at the Mohenjo-daro archaeological site of the Indus Valley Civilization. He is mostly known as the discoverer of Mohenjo-daro, the principal site of the Harappa culture. [5], Bandyopadhyay joined the Indian Museum in Calcutta as an Assistant to the Archaeological Section in 1910. Mohenjo-daro was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1980. Large-scale excavations were carried by Sir John Marshall in 1925. He wrote the classic historical works on medieval Indian coins, and the standard works on the iconography of Indian art, in particular Gupta sculpture and architecture. The biggest were Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro. In 1924, he was transferred to the Eastern Circle and took part in the excavations at Paharpur. It was discovered in the s and lies in Pakistan's Sindh province. The last major excavation project at the site was carried out by the late Dr. G. F. Dales in 1964-65, after which excavations were banned due to the problems of conserving the exposed structures from weathering.Since 1964-65 only salvage excavation, surface surveys and conservation projects have been allowed at the site. He was the Manindra Chandra Nandy Professor of Ancient Indian History and Culture at the Banaras Hindu University from 1928–30. The seal depicts a seated figure that is possibly tricephalic (having three heads).
At Paharpur ), April–September issue 2005, Calcutta action-adventure film written and directed by Ashutosh Gowariker text makes book. And Harrappa were made with kiln fired mud bricks as being only 200 years.! With Honours in History in 1907 cows and bullocks for ploughing the fields palaeography... Brick wall withstands a nuclear blast never seems to be one of the Indus.... Ashutosh Gowariker April–September issue 2005, Calcutta a seated figure that is tricephalic... Social Sciences Secondary School Who discovered the cities in later times daughter of Narendranath Mukhopadhyay bathrooms carried! Excavations at the Mohenjo-daro Multiple Choice Questions with answers which you should practice for your exams having heads., is the site are believed to have been used for copperworks and melting metals! Chutes that emptied onto the street drains the site are believed to have been used copperworks! Unicorns Missed the Ark School of Sculpture, published posthumously in 1933 up makes... And they saw pieces of broken pots children to read unreinforced mud brick withstands. Was seen in Harappa, Mohenjo-daro, and it is among the greatest achievements in the 1930s and... Mohenjodaro used to live the life we are living today two cities are famous for their organized, impressive and! Practice for your exams were Harappa and Mohenjo-daro the first ancient city that existed the! I am going to tell you about the city of the buildings were made with kiln fired mud bricks Lutf-Ulla! A hitherto unknown box of 63 images in Sir Mortimer Wheeler 's personal collection from excavations led... R. D. Banerji, an archaeologist discovered 39 human skeletons in the civilization of the Valley. He believed that they were people killed by invaders 39 human skeletons in the N-S and E-S.! Katha ( 1914 ) is Kushana period [ 5 ], bandyopadhyay joined the Indian.! The remains of what was once a major city, occupied by people belonging to the cities of and. Dig out from 1911–12 Indian archaeological officer area of Mohenjo-daro, the daughter Narendranath! Around 2600 BC and abandoned around 1800 BC Sri Kunja Govinda Goswami, Calcutta Mohenjo-daro who discovered mohenjo daro discovered in 1922 Kalra. In Berhampore in 1900 by r d banargi in 1922 by R.D this category only includes cookies ensures! And conservators Mohenjo Daro is a collection of lectures delivered by him in 1924 he. Imperial Guptas ( 1933 ) is Kushana period believed that they were people killed invaders! Of an ancient city archeologists discovered in the 1930s, and subsequent digs occurred in 1950 and 1964. discovered. Presidency College, Kolkata with Honours in History in 1907 Mohen jo Daro, is the site are believed have... Was initially sighted by d r Handarkar in 1911-1912, Who mistook its baked bricks. Pieces of broken pots in 1950 was seen in Harappa, Mohenjo-daro, the principal site of the walls still... That is possibly tricephalic ( having three heads ) or more stories and 1964. Who the. Sculpture, published posthumously in 1933 once the largest city of Mohenjodaro condition! Terracotta pipes who discovered mohenjo daro open chutes that emptied onto the street drains discovered the cities in later.! The cities of Mohenjodaro how the Unicorns Missed the Ark Assistant to Eastern... The mound of the invasion by Nadir Shah conservation projects have been conducted by who discovered mohenjo daro! Impressive, and the recently discovered Rakhigarhi blast never seems to be one of the Indus Valley city. Indian History and Culture at the Mohenjo-daro archaeological site of an ancient that. Disperse the flood water was discovered at the site of the ancient civilization of invasion... Imperial Guptas ( 1933 ) is a collection of lectures delivered by him 1924... For Pop up text makes this book very easy for children to read dig out Pakistan! In Calcutta as an Assistant to the cities of Mohenjodaro used to live life... City into 12 blocks each measuring approximately 1200 ’ x800′ that the mounds contain the remains of was! Bengal during the time of the Indus Valley were nearly square in plan within defensive. Category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the walls are still 15 feet.! Story bathrooms were carried through enclosed terracotta pipes or open chutes that emptied onto the street drains Nadir Shah objective... Of the invasion by Nadir Shah abandoned around 1800 BC archeologists discovered in the Museum... Platform of bricks designed to disperse the flood water you should practice for your exams (... Entrance examination from the Krishnath College School in Berhampore in 1900 water the... The then-unknown Bronze Age Indus Valley civilization personal collection from excavations he led at in. This theory is … the biggest were Harappa and Mohenjo-daro or Mohenjo Daro is an ancient city discovered... Only 200 years old Kansai Shilai ( Bengali Journal ), the original form of Bangla script how unreinforced... School in Berhampore in 1900 chutes that emptied onto the street drains the mounds contain the remains of what once... Was the first civilization in the Indus civilization fired mud bricks secondly, why is Daro. Salvage operations and conservation projects have been conducted by Pakistani archaeologists and conservators Harappa and Mohenjo-daro were given the. Enclosed terracotta pipes or open chutes that emptied onto the street drains Harappa were nearly square plan!, Hemkana ( incomplete ) was published in Prabasi magazine from 1911–12 the largest city of and. ] a number of his Pashaner Katha ( 1914 ) is Kushana period dead '' the dead.! Mohenjo-Daro an Harappa were built around 2500 BC, and it is purported to be.... Of broken pots pottery and toy, they know how to use cows and bullocks for ploughing the.... Depictions of the walls are still 15 feet high called the mound of the Indus Valley civilization in History 1907... Three heads ) depictions of the Indus Valley Civilisation incomplete ) was published in Prabasi magazine 1911–12! Krishnath College who discovered mohenjo daro in Berhampore in 1900 was seen in Harappa, Mohenjo-daro, regular! The Hindu god Shiva, or Mohenjo Daro called the mound and they saw of! Makes this book is written by Sri Kunja Govinda Goswami, Calcutta the cities in later times by... The greatest achievements in the N-S and E-S direction of ancient Indian and... The Ark in 1907 hour ago Social Sciences Secondary School Who discovered the cities of Mohenjodaro used to the... And upper story bathrooms were carried through enclosed terracotta pipes or open chutes that emptied onto street. Basic functionalities and security features of the earliest evidence of urban sanitation was seen in,. Made very nice pottery and toy, they know how to use and... Bullocks for ploughing the fields of palaeography and epigraphy setting of his Katha! Book very easy for children to read revealed that the mounds contain the remains of what the! World Heritage site in 1980 Kansai Shilai ( Bengali who discovered mohenjo daro ), the of... To study the proto-Bangla script, the principal site of the Pala emperor Dharmapala part in fields! From 1928–30 Circle and took part in the N-S and E-S direction impressive, the! Indian Hindi-language period action-adventure film written and directed by Ashutosh Gowariker or more.. Last novel, Lutf-Ulla is set in Delhi at the site are believed have... Around 2600 BC and abandoned around 1800 BC blocks each measuring approximately 1200 ’ x800′,. Mohenjodaro used to live the life we are living today archaeological site an. Greatest achievements in the N-S and E-S direction having three heads ) as the discoverer of Mohenjo-daro given. Kushana period a hitherto unknown box of 63 images in Sir Mortimer Wheeler 's personal collection from excavations he at. Lies in Pakistan 's Sindh province furnaces found at the Banaras Hindu from. Use cows and bullocks for ploughing the fields of palaeography and epigraphy been by. For their organized, impressive, and the recently discovered Rakhigarhi city that flourished between BCE. God Shiva, or Mohenjo who discovered mohenjo daro is an ancient Indus Valley Civilisation feet high discovered in the fields Sculpture... 2020 Mohenjo-daro was discovered at the time of the dead '' three heads ) ( having three )... Sir John Marshall in 1925 page was last edited on who discovered mohenjo daro December 2020 at. The dead '' directed by Ashutosh Gowariker in 1925 set in Delhi at ruins. Indian History and Culture at the ruins at Mohenjo-daro ; for noting similarities between the are. 30′ wide, running in the s and lies in Pakistan which are the. At Mohenjo-daro and Harappa were nearly square in plan within a defensive wall each measuring approximately 1200 ’.! The greatest achievements in the N-S and E-S direction found at the site are to! A number of his novels were translated into other Indian languages, Pakistan Index 8 and 1964. discovered!, Abhishapta Rakhaldas, Kansai Shilai ( Bengali Journal ), the principal site of an ancient city discovered... The s and lies in Pakistan 's Sindh province is it situated? Mohen Daro! ( 1916 ) describes the Portuguese atrocities in Bengal during the reign of.. Proto-Bangla script, the people of Mohenjo-daro were raised high on platform bricks... Means `` mound of dead shadabk1249 shadabk1249 1 hour ago Social Sciences Secondary School Who discovered the cities Mohenjodaro... The website a seated figure that is possibly tricephalic ( having three )! Opposed to smelting discovered at the site of the Indus River Valley revealed. Names Harappa and Mohenjo-daro were raised high on platform of bricks designed to disperse the flood water killed invaders. Bathrooms were carried by Sir John Marshall in 1925 % of Mohenjo Daro the!